Was antigone a tragic heroine Essay Example For Students

Was antigone a tragic heroine Essay Was antigone a tragic heroine Essay? Tragedy, to be at its finest, requires a complex, not a simple, structure, and its structure should also imitate fearful and pitiful events. These words of wisdom come from the great philosopher Aristotle. Antigone, written by Sophocles, exemplifies Aristotles definition of tragedy, and more precise the tragic heroine. Antigone the main character/heroine in this tragic tale, risks her life to bury her brother Polyneices. As she pleased the Gods, she was punished by family member and king, Creon. Antigone parallels Aristotles definition of a tragic heroine because she attains a fatal flaw, and instills fear and pity into the audience. Antigones fatal flaw is that she is stubborn. Antigone was determined to bury her brother regardless of any punishment she would receive for it. In fact, she knew what the repercussions were before she buried him, and yet she still chose to do it. She wouldnt even lie about it when Creon asked her if she confesses, she said I deny nothing. (208) This cannot more blatantly illustrate how stubborn she is. We will write a custom essay on Was antigone a tragic heroine specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now She dies because of her stubbornness. Antigone most likely gets her stubborn side from Oedipus. If Oedipus would have listened to the prophet and not have been so stubborn in searching for the truth he would have never found out he killed his dad and married his mom. If she would have just listened to what Creon ordered, or lied about it, than she probably would have lived throughout the play. But if she would have lived there would be no point to the play. In order to fulfill the tragedy she must die. This is why she possesses the fatal flaw stubbornness. Along with giving Antigone a fatal flaw, Sophocles also makes us (the audience) pity her. The way he writes the play makes the audience feel sorry for her. We feel pity for this poor little girl who is being sentenced to death by evil King Creon. Sophocles makes it seem that this innocent girls is being sentenced to death for merely standing up for what she believes is good and right in her eyes and in the eyes of the Gods. Antigone understands that life is only temporary, but death is forever and this is why she stresses the importance of following the laws of the Gods. In this case who would not pity her for being sentenced to death for doing something so righteous? It was sad when Antigone knew she would have to die although she was doing a good deed. When Antigone was pleading with her sister Icemen not to confess to burying she said You are alive, but I belong to death. (213) This makes the audience pity her even more. It feels like she is going to die regardless and there is nothing anyone can do to help. She said this because even if Creon didnt kill her she would kill herself if kept in a small cell away from those who she loved. This also contributes to making us feel sorry for her. The final element that produces the tragic heroine is that Sophocles makes the audience fear for Antigone. We are afraid for Antigone because her fate was already known just like Oedipus fate, she would die. I have seen this gathering sorrow from time long past loom upon Oedipus children: generation from generation (215) The chorus meant that they knew that all of Oedipus children have not died with such sadness and sorrow just by coincidence. It has all been part of the Oedipus curse. This also makes the Audience scarred knowing that a family is plagued by a curse. Antigone is an accurate representation of Aristotles tragic heroine. .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 , .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 .postImageUrl , .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 , .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39:hover , .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39:visited , .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39:active { border:0!important; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39:active , .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39 .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud880653e214e57896d5431fb5a3f3d39:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How Can Artificial Intelligence Help Us? Essay She has a fatal flaw, she makes us pity her, and makes us fear for her. Her stubbornness is what essentially kills her in the long run. We as the audience fear for her because she is fated to die. Last but not least we pity her because she is sentenced to death for doing something she sees in her eyes as just. We wanted Antigone to succeed because we know that Antigone is doing the right thing by burying her brother, pleasing .

Germanys Economy and Challenges as a country and as a member of the

Germanys Economy and Challenges as a country and as a member of the Germany's Economy and Challenges as a country and as a member of the EU – Essay Example Germanys Economy and Challenges as a Country and As a Member of the EU The Current Political and Economic Situation of Germany within Europe Germany, a dominant country in Europe, enjoys several benefits as a member of the European Union (EU). The adoption of the euro spurs investments in European countries since there is lower interest rates. German companies and investors have a competitive edge owing to its stable manufacturing base and the economic and political environment. The current economic and political situation of Germany within Europe offers some current and future challenges. Economically, Germany has the largest national economy within Europe. The country plays an important role in a period where there is extensive globalization, especially in economic terms. Germany has a globalized economy mostly because of its social market economy policy, which has consequently ranked it as among the world’s leading exporters. Apart from hosting trade fairs, Germany has the largest stock market listed companies globally. Alongside the United States, it is committed to an open, ever-changing and ever-expanding world economy. The economic environment offers several current and future challenges as a member of the EU. Germany fairs well in terms of national debt than the other EU countries, characterized by high tax revenues and a thriving economy. Even though, its spending surpasses tax revenues, coupled by an extremely high debt in most states and municipalities. In addition, Germany mainly constitutes an aging population, and this coupled by soaring unemployme nt rates, means that there is less tax revenue because of the depletion of social security at a faster rate than before. As a requirement of the EU, Germany lowered its budget deficit below 3% of GDP, to avoid future fiscal problems. Politically, Germany has a parliamentary government that promotes a democratic constitution. Its constitutional structure accentuates the protection of individual freedom and division of powers in a federal arrangement. There are several political parties, such as Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union, Social Democratic Party, and Free Democratic Party, which influence the political situation for the region. The Basic Law provides stability and liberty in the region, which is similar to the liberal Western democracies. The political environment offers several current and future challenges. Violent hate crimes, racism, and neo-Nazism are current challenges that affect the future of Germany as a member of the EU owing to their intermittent turmoil. In addition, the euro-crisis is a pivotal foreign-policy issue that affects the operations of the country. The political fragmentation in the region is bound to worsen the situation because the country’s leader does not ha ve a majority vote and an overriding support from its citizens (Ewing 2013). Germany is the worlds biggest single exporting nation, dominates the European Union, and there is recent interest in the use of the German-based euro as an international currency. These economic factors are significant if Germany strives to avert any future challenges because of its political and economic situation. Germany is a globally competitive player owing to its political standing and economic policies, which most of its European neighbours have not adopted suitably. References Ewing, J. (September 16, 2013). Germany’s Political Fragmentation May Pose Challenge for Merkel. The New York Times.

Injectronics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Injectronics - Essay Example Automotive maintenance has undergone radical changes since the introduction of electronics as well as mechatronics in vehicles. Rapid introduction of computer controls to operate engines, steering, braking, suspension and other safety and transmission or comfort functions in today’s vehicles is a huge challenge to both service processes and manufacturing technologies along with failure diagnosis requirements. Many of the modifications in automotive repairs are a result of the initiation of microcontrollers and other electronics in functions within a vehicle. These changes require the remanufacturing companies for such electronic components to improve as significant changes are continually taking place in the industry (Weiland, n.d). Before the advent of electronic controllers, definition of automotive remanufacturing was clear: meaning the renovation of used vehicle parts in accordance with the accepted state so that they can perform similar to new ones. This conventional rema nufacturing may be relevant in future to mechatronics; nevertheless, the definition will be tailored for electronic controllers. ... Currently, vehicles average 35 microprocessors in a vehicle, which are located in various several electronic modules throughout a vehicle and range from simple applications to sophisticated engine controls. The high content level highlights the importance of long-term service plan for electronic control modules. In these vehicles, the service expectations include corresponding electronic modules at least every 4-10 years’ service life with most vehicles lasting 15 years; nevertheless, other vehicles have a high service life of up to 25 years or more. Electronic modules present a difficult service challenge due to many factors such as the fact that microprocessor manufacturers and network manufacturers never have the volume requirements in the service life of a vehicle in order to maintain a production line for producing these service components (APRA global connection, 2009). Market and Competitors Most Electronic Control Module (ECM) utilise four to eight custom-produced micr oprocessors to deter competitors and grey marketers capable of replicating the electronic control module. Therefore, electronic components are often produced in a limited manner and usually the first components to be given as end-of-life production. Remanufacturing of electronic modules is possible through the availability of sold units removed from vehicles or cores; thus, injectronic faces the challenges of maintaining a sufficient collection system that maintains constant return of failed units to sustain the remanufacturing program. Moreover, the core is a failed unit, which has been in use within vehicles for several years; therefore, it is likely that the part is not the latest part since many revisions could have

Collective Action for Social Movements Assignment

Collective Action for Social Movements - Assignment Example Although the African-American struggle for civil rights became apparent in the 1950s and 1960s when the most dramatic progress in the battle for equality and justice was made the struggle had been on-going for decades. This struggle would be traced in the actions of people like Ida B. Wells (1862-1931), an African-American journalist, editor of Memphis Free Speech, who became a brave crusader against lynching. In 1895, Ida wrote â€Å"The Red Record† which recorded the number of Africans lynched over a three-year period (Jones, 2011). In her own way, Wells and others who shared her ideas demonstrated resilience in fighting injustice. Other individuals in the early days included Frederick Douglass (1818-1895), an African American a former slave; he had made an eloquent appeal for the African-American struggle (Jones, 2011). In retro respect, before the mostly proclaimed heroes of the African-American civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s there had been other preceding active participants. These prepared ground for future efforts and helped demonstrate the depth of injustice against the African-Americans. In the 1950s and 1960s the civil rights movement took a more pro-active approach and benefited from more informed and aggressive activist who were able to mobilize the African-Americans and to some extent some whites. These individuals included Martin Luther King, Jr., W.E.B. Du Bois, Rosa Parks and Malcolm X. Even though they provided leadership they could not singlehandedly stem discriminative practices existent at the time. Fortunately, they realized this and focused on ensuring collective effort (Ling, 1998). The primary means of agitation was not through boycotts or public demonstration at lunch counters but through discursive methods. Activists largely utilized the black press to create discursive realm of political action. African Americans were able to develop political capacity and formed

Homework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 20

Homework - Essay Example The employees of a business should be handled with the utmost esteem and terms of their contracts should be met without compromise. These values are absolute, and one must take them seriously enough to dominate human rationale, weakness, ego, or individual faults. Incase of failure one looks back at core values for guidance as there is always disagreement about what values should reign supreme (Dunfee & Nagayasu, 1993). In business, the ones values are the values of the employer, the freedom to choose own ethical values is somewhat limited, but due to corporate scandals, the thought of following the corporation’s values is a problem (Shaw, 2011). The real test of values and communication in business comes from resulting action. Good ethics and communication principles should be noticed at the top levels of management. In addition to that, a corporate values and ethics initiative should be sold throughout the company and customers. A company should practice its ethics and communication values. Training must be provided to everyone So that its principles are known to everyone in the business (Jennings, 2012). The ethics and communication principles should extend to the next generation employees. This is because, the longer it lasts, the more established the principles will be. Conclusively, this article illustrates the importance of business ethics in a business. It gives an insight of how business ethics aids the development of a business and gives the social, political and environmental impact of communication or business ethics in a business

Photochemical Degradation of Pharmaceutics Experiment

Photochemical Degradation of Pharmaceutics Experiment Experimental Methodology Experimental methodology executed for accomplishment of a project is one of the most important parts of study, deciding the ultimate outcomes of the study. For the present study It aimed at metal doped MCM-41 for the removal of pharmaceutics by then degradation under UV irradiation. The present investigation was therefore designed to avoid discrepancies as much as possible, and to maximize the outcomes. The photochemical degradation of pharmaceutics has become an important index in ecological environment safety evaluation of drugs. To elucidate the photodegradation profiles of drugs in the environment, many investigators have focused on solution photolysis in organic solvents or in a dilute aqueous solution. The present study was based on photo degradation of two commonly used pharmaceutics i.e., salts of diclofenac and atorvastatin in different solvents. Another perspective of the present study was to determine the metal dopped mesoporous silicates materials as catalyst for the photo degradation of pharmaceutics under UV radiations, sunlight and in absence of light. The details of the experimental methodology adopted are spelled out as under: 3.1 The glassware/ volumetric Apparatus The proper and appropriately cleaned and calibrated glassware and volumetric apparatus is necessary for accurate and precise analytical measurements. Thus, high quality pyrex glass-ware was used during the course of experiment. This apparatus was given through wash with detergent solution, diluted HNO3 and finally with distilled water. All the glassware used was dried at 100oC in an electric oven before use. All the apparatus like beakers, measuring flasks, pippets and graduated cylinders were calibrated prior to use. 3.2 The Reagents Synthesis of mesoporous silica, metal dopping on synthesized mesoporous material and degradation studies required various reagents. In addition to other parameters, the success of experimental methodology also depended on their purity and quality. So in order to ensure quality analytical grade chemicals which were purchased from Uni-chem (China), E.Merk (Germany), Riedel-deHaen (China) and Sigma Aldrich were used. Sodium silicate, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), H2SO4,(NH4)2 Ce(NO3)6, Cu(NO3)2.3H2O and copper acetate were obtained from sigma Aldrich with a crtified purity of 99.9%. In order to avoid any photo degradation, all the reagents were kept in dark. 3.3 Equipments/ instruments used a. The following equipments were used for the successful completion of the present study. Magnetic stirrer/ Hot plate Oven Shaker Muffle furnace UV-irradiator pH meter b Instrument Used UV- Visible Spectrophotometer The spectro photometric measurements were performed on a UV–visible double-beam spectrophotometer (U-2800). It operates on the principle of measurement of the intensity of light after passing through a sample (I) and comparing it to the intensity of light before it passes through the sample (Io). The ratio (I/I0 ) is called the transmittance, and is usually expressed as a percentage (%T). The absorbance, A is calculated by the following equation: A= log (%T/100) The basic compartment of a spectrophotometer include; light source, sample holder, a diffraction grating or monochromator to separate the different wavelengths of light, and a detector. The radiation source is often a tungsten filament (300-2500nm) and a deuterium arc lamp, which is continuous over the ultraviolet region (190-400nm). More recently, light emitting diodes (LED) and xenon arc lamps for visible wave length have also been incorporated. The detector is typically a photodiode or CCD (charge couple device detector to enhance the uv spectrophotometer performance). Photodiodes present with monochromators filter the light so that only light of single wavelength reaches the detector. Diffraction gratings with CCDs collect light of different wavelength on different pixels. 1og10Io/I= Æ lc Æ = greek letter, epsilon l= length of solution the light passese through(cm) c = concentration of solution (mol dm-3) The expression 1og10Io/I is known as the absorbance of the solution and is measured by the spectrometer. For the present study the UV spectrophotometer was used for determining the degradation of different pharmaceutical products under different conditions. For this purpose the absorbance of diclofenac sodium was recorded at a wavelength of 276 nm and that of atorvastatin was recorded at wavelength of 246 nm. c Bruker alpha ATR spectrophotometer The Platinum ATR is a single reflection diamond ATR sampling module that is designed to significantly ease analysis. The ergonomic one finger clamp mechanism simplifies the sample positioning. The robust diamond crystal allows analyze nearly all kind of liquid and solid samples. For the present study the IR analysis of MCM-41, Cu/MCM-41 and Ce/MCM-41 was c SDT-Q600 Thermo Gravimetric Analyser The TA Instruments SDT-Q600 Simultaneous TGA / DSC provides simultaneous measurement of weight change (TGA) and true differential heat flow (DSC) on the same sample from ambient to 1,500  °C. It features a field-proven horizontal dual beam design with automatic beam growth compensation, and the ability to analyze two TGA samples simultaneously. For the present study the thermogravimetric analysis of mesoporous silicate was: 3.2 Analytical Methodology 3.2.1 Preparation of mesoporous silica For the preparation of mesoporous silica the method of Taron et.al was used. [i] In this method the sodium silicate was used as a source of silica and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) used as a surfactant. Briefly, a 15.75g part of sodium silicate was dissolved in 45.75g of DDW and stirred for 15 minutes at room temperature in a poly propylene container (A). A 13.535g of CTAB was separately dissolved in 200 ml of doubly distilled water at room temperature to prepare an aqueous solution of CTAB (B). To a stirred solution of precursor (A), the template solution (B) was added drop wise. After the completion of addition, the solution was further stirred for about 1h. Subsequently the pH of the contents was maintained at 10.5 by using 1:1 H2SO4, (6.7ml) which yielded a gel that was further stirred for about 45 minutes. The polypropylene container was then sealed and allowed to age for twenty four hours at room temperature without stirring. The gel thus obtained was filtered, washed with doubly distilled water to get rids of ions present as impurities and dried in an electric oven at 120oC. Thus dried product was allowed to calcine at a heating rate of 3oC/min for 6 hours while maintaining a maximum temperature of 550oC. The product obtained after calcinations was mesoporous silica MCM-41, that was used for further experiments. 3.2.2 Metal impregnation of mesoporous silica a) Preparation of CeO2/MCM-41 Li et.al method was adopted for the synthesis of MCM-41/CeO2.[ii] This is based on grinding of precursors. In this method, 0.6402 g of (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 and 0.3g of synthesized MCM-41 were placed in a mortar and ground significantly at room temperature conditions. The obtained solid was calcined at a heating rate of 5oC/min until the maximum temperature obtained 550  °C in air for 3 to 4 h to remove the surfactant molecules[iii] b) Preparation of copper supported mesoporous silica (Cu/MCM-41) The copper was loaded on the mesoporous support material through wet impregnation of silica. 2g of silica was stirred in 0.025M of 20mL copper acetate for 24 hours at room temperature. The copper impregnated silica was washed with distilled water to remove free copper and acetate ions and then dried at 70oC for 12h. The copper impregnated silica was calcined at 600oC for 4 h to get silica supported copper sample (Cu-MS).[iv] c) Preparation of Cu-dopped MCM-41 with different percentages: The MCM-41 mesoporous powder material after drying at 120oC over night was impregnated with solutions of different concentrations separately under continuous stirring for 12 h at room temperature, and then they were dried at 100oC. The obtained materials were calcined in air from room temperature to 150oC at 5oC/min and held at 150oC for 1 h, and then heated from 150oC to 250oC at the rate of 5oC/min and held at 250oC for 1 h, at last heated from 250oC to 330oC at 5oC/min and held at 330oC for 2 h. By using this procedure, samples containing 5, 10 and 15 wt% Cu-MCM-41 was prepared. [v] 3.2.3 Degradation studies Preparation of Pharmaceutics Standards Pharmaceutics Stock Solution Preparation A primary standard solution of pharmaceutics with concentration 1000 ppm was prepared by dissolving 0.1 g of pharmaceutics in 100 mL of solvent. The solution was kept in refrigerator at 4oC prior to use. Pharmaceutics Spiking Solution Preparation The intermediate standard solutions of pharmaceutics were prepared by diluting 0.5, 0.4. 0.3, 0.2 and 0.1mL of 1000ppm of stock solution upto 10mL of solvent to prepare 50, 40, 30, 20 and 10 ppm of standards. Effect of light Effect of time Effect of metal Effect of metal loading levels Effect of pH REFERENCES: [i] H. W. Lee , H. J. Cho , J.H. Yim , J. M. Kim , J.K. Jeon , J. M.Sohn , K.S. Yoo , S.S. Kim , Y.K. Park , Removal of Cu(II)-ion over amine-functionalized mesoporous silica materials, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (17) 504–509(2011) [ii] H. R.Pouretedal, M.Ahmadi, Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic activity of MCM-41 and MCM-48 impregnated with CeO2 nanoparticles, journal of International Nano Letters, 2:10(2012) [iii] (Li, Y, Yan, B, Functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 with CeF3: Eu3+ nanoparticle by three different methods: synthesis, characterization, and photoluminescence. Nanoscal. Res. Lett. 5, 701–708 (2010). [iv] Manish dixit, Manis mishra, P.A.Joshi, D.O.Shah, â€Å"Study on the catalytic properties of silica supported copper catalysts†, journal of procedia engineering, 51, 467-472(2013). [v] Ye Wan, Chao Chen, Weiming Xiao, Lijuan Jian, Ning Zhang, â€Å"Ni/MIL-120: An efficient metal–organic framework catalyst for hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexane† , Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 17, 1 9–13(2013).

Martin Luther Essays -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Martin Luther and the Break With Rome   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martin Luther began as a simple Augustinian Friar in the Roman Catholic Church, the reigning power of Western Europe for hundreds of years, and he soon became the leader of the most important stand against the Catholic Church. I call Luther’s actions a stand rather than a revolt because he did not willingly mean to disrespect the entire church or even start a new denomination of Christianity, he was only trying to bring truth to it. Luther published writings such as The Ninety-five Theses, Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation and A Treatise on Christian Liberty, all which produced outrage in the Church for the fact that it blatantly accused the clerics, and especially the pope, of many wrong doings in their practice.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Luther belonged to a church in Wittenburg, Germany and here he was a scholar as well as a priest. He, like many others, came to notice the corruption in the Church. The Church had come to own a great deal of land all over Europe, collect a very considerable sum in mandatory taxes from the middle-class, and they had become very rich and very powerful. This led to an even greater hunger and they started the practice of selling indulgences, which is paying to be forgiven of one’s sins, and simony, which is paying to get into church office. These were just a few of the many un-Godly acts of the Catholic Church during the 1500’s. Luther felt that these injustuces should be brought to light and dealt with and then the Church should reform. With this idea he wrote The Ninety-five Theses, which were a series of wrongs committed by the church and the things they needed to do to change. This was originally supposed to be simply ideas put up for discussion among his peers in the Church, but very quickly this document spread like a wild fire and set the church a flame.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Ninety-five Theses included the ideas that, â€Å"The pope cannot remit any guilt...The dying are freed by death from all penalties...The pope (cannot) grant remission to souls in purgatory...† He basically concluded that the Church did not have all the powers they claimed to have. They lied and cheated for money. Of course Luther did not write this and then march into Rome with it demanding change, they were only... ...d, I find that they have done nothing of special importance.† It seems to me that at the point when Luther wrote Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, he knew that the Church was out to get him and he was, in a way, rallying for supporters. He was pointing out that the pope cannot do much harm if they come together and stand against him. But will this work? Can the Catholic Church be defeated? Martin Luther was summoned to appear before Emperor Charles of the Holy Roman Empire as well as the clergy to defend himself against the charge of heresy in Worms in 1521. Here was his moment, he knew he could not reform the Church but he could tell the truth. His truth was that he only believed God was before him and the Word of God was the only truth or law he had before him. Luther was excommunicated from the Catholic Church although it is very surprising to me that he was not put to death. Maybe the church knew their power was waning. Luther had succeeded in gaining an admirable following, he was victorious over the Church because he held fast to what he believed and here is where the first branch split from the tree of Christianity and the world was forever changed.

Silas Marner Major Themes

Major Themes Class Silas Marner centers around two households, Marner's cottage by the stone-pits and the Cass manor, the Red House. These two settings represent class extremes, and the people of Raveloe know it. The cottage is the ramshackle abode of the lowliest member of Raveloe society; the manor is a sprawling home filled with gentry and a location for dances. Rather than set an impermeable boundary between these two worlds, Eliot stages many intersections between the two households. Dunstan Cass, who is a member of the moneyed class, enters Marner's home looking for money. Silas Marner, lowly and miserable, raises aSquire's granddaughter as his own child. Godfrey Cass, though he owns Marner's cottage at the end of the novel, is actually in the weaver's debt. These are just a few instances of the permeability of class boundaries in the novel. In Raveloe, strict boundaries of class do not necessarily lead to greater happiness among the higher classes. Indeed, those with money-or those who are supposed to have money-tend to be the most harried and corrupt characters, such as Dunstan, Godfrey, and even Silas before Eppie. The person most oppressed by circumstances in Silas Marner is perhaps Godfrey Cass, who finds himself at the ercy of a lower-class wife, who fails to have children of his own, and who ends up envying the bond of a lowly weaver and his daughter. Silas Marner and Eppie, on the other hand, though they do not have status or wealth, have power over the Casses and seem to enjoy unmitigated happiness. The Rainbow tavern and the church in Raveloe also serve as places where class differences are evident. The Rainbow becomes quite a different place when the â€Å"gentles† are having a dance; during these times (in Chapter Six, for instance), the lesser villagers, like Mr. Macey, reign over the Rainbow, telling stories all the while about the anded members of society. At the church, the important members of society sit in assigned seats at the f ront of the church while the rest of the villagers sit behind them and watch. In both these places, although everyone recognizes the status difference between the common villagers and the gentry, this difference does not seem to be a problem in Raveloe. The lower classes have not been fed the broth of revolt; they seem quite content. Meanwhile, the upper classes are not oppressive or cruel slave drivers like their factory- owning counterparts. In fact, the gentry rely upon the villagers to sincerely appreciate their mportance and value in the town. It is Mr. Macey, not Mr. Lammeter, who celebrates the history of the Warrens. And without the respectful, watching eyes of the villagers, the front-row seats in church would have less dignity. Thus, Silas Marner tends to represent class differences with historical accuracy. Eliot seems drawn to this pre-industrial era, when there was an easygoing class hierarchy in country towns. Compare the relatively class- indifferent respect that is s hown in Raveloe to the horrible factory in the manufacturing town that Marner and Eppie visit in Chapter Twenty-One. The industrial world treats the lower classes as inhuman ogs in the factory wheels. In Raveloe's trade-based society, meanwhile, each villager can play an important role in the success of the society. That is, the weaver is respected to some degree by the Squire if he weaves his linens well. Even so, one might reasonably argue that Eliot's idyllic depiction of happy peasants romanticizes the difficulties of the class differences in nineteenth-century England. Myth and Folklore Many critics of the novel fault its unrealistic situations and conclusions. They point out that Marner's conversion from a miserable old misanthrope to a loving father happens too quickly, and they argue that the end of the ovel has too much poetic justice, with every character getting a just reward. These critics hold the novel to a standard of realism that others see as inappropriate to Eliot' s goals in Silas Marner . Defenders of the novel argue that is is more like a fable, operating through the moral logic of a fairy tale in order to accomplish goals beyond merely representing reality. In fables, ballads, myths and fairy tales, sudden transformations, inexplicable coincidences and other such unrealistic plot devices are part of the magic. Novels need not read like documentaries. Silas Marner is a work of fantasy as much as it represents a deeper eality. While the plot reflects the novel's mythic character, there is also explicit reference to myth and legend throughout the novel. Weaving itself is a classic emblem of myths across cultures (see the Mythology and Weaving web site). Certainly Eliot was well aware of this emblem when she chose her protagonist and the activity of weaving. The story also has a strong Biblical undercurrent, recalling especially the stories of Job, King David, the expulsion from Eden, and Cain and Abel. And the author of Silas Marner expects r eaders to understand its many references to ancient mythology including the Fates and Arachne (a weaver ransformed into a spider–note the profusion of insect imagery describing Marner). The hearth, where Eppie is suddenly found, is an especially powerful image in Roman myth. Myth and superstition are active patterns in the village. Mr. Macey tells ghost stories about the Warrens and predicts the future. The villagers look with curiosity on wanderers such as Marner, perceiving that such persons belong to a separate, magical race with powers to heal or harm. These patterns contribute to the folkloric character of the work. Even while Silas Marner satirizes the superstitions of the villagers and offers a fairly realistic explanation or every â€Å"miracle† in it, the novel engages the mysteries of fate and love that characterize legendary literature. Memory George Eliot and William Wordsworth have a special affinity. In Silas Marner , more perhaps than in any of her other works, this affinity provides the root of the novel. Eliot even facetiously wrote, in a letter to her publisher, that she â€Å"should not have believed that any one would have been interested in [the novel] but myself (since William Wordsworth is dead). † Eliot uses poetry from Wordsworth as her epigraph, she quotes and echoes his language throughout the work, and she centers the redemption of her rotagonist on one of Wordsworth's favorite themes: memory. For Eliot and for Wordsworth, memory is not simply about â€Å"remembering† in the everyday sense; it is about the profound experience of owning one's own history, of embodying one's past. For example, in Silas Marner's redemption after finding Eppie, the first thing he thinks about is his long-lost baby sister, someone he has not thought about for at least fifteen years. In fact, Eppie's name was also his mother's name and his sister's name. Eppie does not merely allow Marner to move forward out of the meaningless cycle of weaving and mourning in which he is trapped at the time of er arrival, but she also allows Marner to recover elements of his own past. Many other motives are connected with memory. Marner's herb gathering, for instance, is something he learned from his mother, which he had forgotten until Eppie arrived. His healing process requires backward reaches into the positive, meaningful elements of his past. In the presence of Eppie, Marner's memory propels him to a richer future. George Eliot's own memory contributed to key elements of the novel. In a letter, Eliot writes that the novel unfolded â€Å"from the merest millet-seed of thought. † This little seed was her recollection f a stooped, old weaver walking along in the Midlands whom she happened to see one day long before she began the work. Eliot's enrichment of this scrap of her memory is much like the process of remembering in the novel. From a remembered gesture-such as gathering herbs with one's mother- one can unf old an entire horizon of value pertinent to the present. Memory, for both Eliot and her characters, is active and creative, more than a passive â€Å"storehouse† of knowledge and experience. In remembering we deepen our present life. One way to create the new is to refashion and reinterpret what we have recovered from old times and old meanings.

Hamlet1 essays

Hamlet1 essays Hamlet one of Shakespeare's greatest plays, where the young prince of Denmark must uncover the truth about his fathers death. Hamlet a play that tells the story of a young prince who's father recently died. Hamlets uncle Claudius marries his mother the queen and takes the throne. As the play is told Hamlet finds out his father was murdered by the recently crowned king. The theme that remains constant throughout the play is appearance versus reality. Things within the play appear to be true and honest but in reality are infested with evil. Many of the characters within the play hide behind a mask of falseness. Four of the main characters that hid behind this mask are Polonius, Rosencrantz (Guildenstern), the king Cluadius. From behind this mask they give the impression of a person who is sincere and genuine, in reality they are plagued with lies and evil. There appearance will make it very difficult for Hamlet to uncover the truth, the characters hide behind. Polonius the kings royal assistant has a preoccupation with appearance. He always wants to keep up the appearance of loving and caring person. Polonius appears like a man who loves and cares about his son, Laertes. Polonius speaks to his son with advice that sounds sincere but in reality it is rehearsed, hollow and without feeling. Polonius gives his advice only to appear to be the loving caring father. The reality is he only speaks to appear sincere as a politician, to look good rather then actually be good: And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry. This above all: to thine own self be true, And it must follow, as the night the day, Thou canst not then be false to any man. Farewell; my blessing season this in thee! Act 1 Polonius gives his son Laertes his blessing to go away, he sends a spy to follow him and keep an eye on him. This shows his lack of trust for anyone, he gives the appearance of a confident father who trusts his son to go off on his own...

Why Medical Mentors Can Pave the Way for Your Career Success

Why Medical Mentors Can Pave the Way for Your Career Success There’s a lot to learn before you can excel as the health care employee. Sure, you’ll read the textbooks and pass the tests to earn your credentials, but is that really enough to give you confidence when it’s time to step up in the thick of the job? What you will need along your career path is real-life advice and real-time observation that only a seasoned mentor can offer.  As a member of the wide-ranging health care field, you’re in luck–the industry is already filled with successful professionals who know the ins and outs of the job because they’ve lived them.  No matter what career level you have established, it will enrich your professional life to seek out a relationship with a trusted someone who has â€Å"been there, done that,† and lived to tell the tale.Textbooks can’t tell you what can go wrong on a 2 a.m. call and they can’t share stories about dealing with difficult patients. Stellar test scores donâ€⠄¢t mean you know what career path is best for you personally. Lean on trusted professionals whose careers have taken the shape you want for yourself.Soak in all the knowledge you can apply it to your job, and excel. Then, years down the line, you can pay it forward and share your very own life lessons and experiences to inspire a young new colleague to succeed!

The Stuff of the Universe Book Review Research Paper

The Stuff of the Universe Book Review - Research Paper Example In that context, the book tends to discuss not only the visible aspects of the geography of the universe like the stars and the planets, but also delves exhaustively on the elusive ingredients of the universe like the dark matter which is predominant and all pervasive. The book under consideration furnishes a lucid understanding as to whether this universe is expanding or rather contracting. The overall objective of the book appears to be to give to the readers the necessary information that will go into achieving a relative perspective of the universe and the humanity’s place in it. The essential theme of The Stuff of the Universe tends to delve on the predominant query as to what features of the universe as the humanity knows it were pivotal to the emergence of life on earth and whether it was merely a coincidence or some deeper reasons that led to such a propitious alignment of the cosmic elements and constituent. The humanity has always been curious about the fundamental q uestions surrounding the origins of the universe and life and this book caters to this curious and academic aspect of human interest. However, the lacuna rampant in this sphere of human interest has been that the science of cosmology has been to a great extent kept remote and away from the everyday concerns that engross the mankind. In that context, The Stuff of the Universe tends to bridge the gap between the mundane concerns of life and death engaging the humanity and how the cosmic elements tend to play a pivotal role in these concerns. In the book, Gribbin and Ress have tried to make the queries surrounding the origins of the universe an integral part of the mainstream life. They talk about varied stages of the origins of the universe as when it was just a second old, or its earlier stages. The book intends to bring the science of cosmology, out from the privileged scope of the cosmologists and astrophysicists to the realm of general public. The book comprises of three parts. Th e Part I, ‘Cosmic Coincidences: How special is the Universe?’ discusses the geography of the universe and two kinds of dark matter. However, in this part, the main forte of the authors lies in their ability to establish links between the cartography and constitution of the universe to the everyday human existence. For instance, it gets really enticing to learn that, â€Å"We live in a galaxy. Galaxies contain stars, and stars are made of baryons- the same sort of stuff, to a physicist, as our own bodies are made of.†1 Part II, ‘The Stuff of the Universe: The Particle Zoo’ is primarily about the essential constitution of the universe and the constituents affiliated to it. This part elaborates on the cosmic constituents and phenomenon like halo stuff, gravity’s telescopes, cosmic string, core stuff, etc. in as lucid and simple a language as could be possible for a Cosmologist to interpret the cosmic facts to a layman. Part III, ‘The Bespok e Universe: Tailor-Made for Man; or off the Peg? ‘touches on the perpetually stimulating and ever poking questions as to whether the existence of life on earth was part of a great and ever unraveling plan or merely a prosaic coincidence. The book both ponders on the individual constituents of the universe like galaxies, stars, quasars and their constitution and evolution as well as links this knowledge to the philosophical and theological queries grappling the mankind since times immemorial, in as simple and precise language as

The prevelance of obesity in children with physical disability Dissertation

The prevelance of obesity in children with physical disability - Dissertation Example Obesity is an increasing problem right across the population in western societies, but is perhaps especially a problem if overeating becomes an established habit in childhood at a time when others control what food is chosen and available to a great extent. Ells, Lang et al point to the possible links between obesity and disability. In particular they link the two in cases of muscular skeletal problems and in those with learning difficulties. This is confirmed by the findings of Stewart et al in Scotland when they surveyed ambulatory boys with intellectual disabilities, which often occurs in those with cerebral palsy and Down’s syndrome. According to Clinton Smith there is considerable evidence which indicates that if children with particular risk factors can be identified and the correct action subsequently taken then the situation can be improved. What is clear is that excess body weight in children, whatever their physical condition, presents a significant risk factor for m any conditions that may occur in later life. These include heart attacks, cerebral vascular accidents, diabetes, cancer, disease of the gallbladder disease and arthritis. According to the American Department of Disability and Human Development. ( 2007) there is evidence that the conditions which lead ultimately to conditions such to stroke and heart disease most often have their origins in childhood, where they manifest themselves as high blood pressure or levels of cholesterol which are higher than the norm. For these reasons, no matter what a child’s physical ability levels or inclinations it is important for children to lead as a physically active a lifestyle as possible. Obesity results when a person's calorie intake regularly exceeds their energy needs for such bodily functions as metabolism, the thermal effect of the food consumed , the person’s physical activity level and capabilities and their growth. The majority of energy obtained from food ( roughly 60%) is required for normal metabolic activity. Physical activities require another 25% , the thermal effect of food digested uses 10% and growth requires some 5%.(Spina Bifida Association 2009) Just as eating less than the body requires leads to weight reduction so eating more than required will lead to weight gain. Obesity is therefore more likely than usual to occur in those with restricted mobility, low metabolic levels and who are of restricted growth. In the U.S.A., according to Rogozinski, ( 2007) more than 17% of American children are obese. Parents naturally want to please their children and to care for them. It is when this becomes distorted into bad eating habits that obesity emerges. Also, once established as a habit, it can